Cannabis, also known as marijuana, is one of the most consumed drugs worldwide. Many argue in favor of its recreational or therapeutic use, backed by studies that seem to suggest a number of potential benefits. However, there are also risks associated with cannabis use that deserve to be discussed and understood. Despite the increasingly large normalization of its use, we must remember that, like any psychoactive substance, cannabis has effects on our brain and body, not all of them beneficial.
The dark side of cannabis
One of the most prominent risks of cannabis use is the development of an addiction. Despite the popular belief that marijuana is not addictive, the reality is that approximately 1 in 10 adult cannabis users will end up developing a cannabis use disorder. This figure increases to 1 in 6 if the person starts using cannabis in their teens.
Marijuana can be especially dangerous for young people. The impact it has on the developing brain is often underestimated, which continues to mature until the age of 25. Cannabis use during adolescence can affect brain structure and function, which can lead to problems with memory, attention, and academic performance. Additionally, a correlation has been found between early and frequent cannabis use and lower school performance and less likelihood of finishing high school.
Cannabis has also been linked with mental health problems. Some studies indicate that cannabis use, especially in high doses and long-term, can increase the risk of developing psychotic disorders, such as schizophrenia. In addition, it has been linked with depression and anxiety, although more research is needed to fully understand these associations.
The effect of THC
The cannabis that is consumed today is very different from what was consumed a few decades ago. THC levels, the main psychoactive compound of cannabis, have significantly increased. This can result in stronger effects, including a higher risk of adverse effects. These can include panic attacks, hallucinations, and paranoia. Moreover, recent studies suggest that the consumption of cannabis with high levels of THC may be associated with a higher risk of developing mental health problems.
What does science say?
It is important to remember that, although there is a lot of research on cannabis, there is still much we do not know. Most studies are observational and cannot prove a cause-and-effect relationship. In addition, there is a lack of high-quality research due to legal and ethical restrictions around cannabis.
However, what is clear is that cannabis is not a completely benign substance. It has psychoactive effects and potential health risks, especially when used long-term or in high doses.
Conclusion
The discussion about the risks and benefits of cannabis is complex and nuanced. It is crucial that people are well informed about the possible risks associated with its use, especially young people and those predisposed to mental health disorders.
Cannabis, like any drug, is not harmless, and the decision to consume it should be made with all available information. It is our responsibility as a society to ensure that this information is accessible, unbiased, and evidence-based.
The legalization of cannabis in many places has opened the door to more research and discussion about this substance. However, it should not be interpreted as an endorsement of uninhibited marijuana use. We must continue to address cannabis education with a public health approach, informing potential and current users about its risks and ensuring they have access to support services if they need them.
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